Welfare Reform in California Early Results from the Impact Analysis (2003),9780833030399

Welfare Reform in California Early Results from the Impact Analysis (2003)

by
ISBN13: 9780833030399
ISBN10: 0833030396
Format: Paperback
Pub. Date: 2003-08-15
Publisher(s): RAND Corporation
List Price: $20.00

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Summary

Early findings on the impact of CALWORKS, California's welfare reform program.

Table of Contents

Preface iii
Figures
vii
Tables
ix
Summary xi
Acknowledgments xix
Acronyms and Abbreviations xxi
Introduction
1(13)
Background
1(1)
Objectives and Conceptual Model
2(6)
Pre-CalWORKs Welfare Reforms
3(1)
The CalWORKs Reforms
4(3)
Other Government Policies
7(1)
The Economy
8(1)
Methods
8(3)
Random Assignment
9(1)
Nonexperimental Program Evaluation
9(1)
Simulation
10(1)
Data
11(1)
Scope of This Report
12(1)
Organization of the Report
12(2)
Program Participation
14(17)
Overview of Descriptive Findings
14(1)
Meeting Federal Participation Rates
15(4)
Components Used to Determine Participation Rates
15(1)
How California Has Fared in Meeting All-Families Work Activity Participation Rates
16(1)
How California Has Fared in Meeting Two-Parent Work Activity Participation Rates
17(2)
How California Compares with the Rest of the Nation in Meeting Federal Work Activity Participation Rate Requirements
19(1)
Near-Universal, Immediate Participation in CalWORKs WTW Activities for 32 Hours per Week
19(6)
What Activities Are Welfare Recipients Participating In?
20(2)
How Many Hours Are Welfare Recipients Participating in the Activities?
22(1)
Of Those Current Welfare Recipients Who Are Working, How Much Are They Working?
23(2)
Possible Explanations for Descriptive Findings
25(6)
The Effects of County Welfare Programs
25(2)
The Effects of the Composition of California's Welfare Caseload
27(1)
The Effects of Pre-CalWORKs Reforms and CalWORKs Legislative Changes to the Benefit Structure
28(2)
The Effects of Other CalWORKs Legislative Changes
30(1)
The Effects of the Economy
30(1)
The Caseload
31(25)
Overview of Descriptive Findings
31(1)
Caseload Trends in California
32(9)
Aggregate Statewide Trends
32(4)
Disaggregated Trends by Subgroups
36(4)
The Effects of Changes in Population and Composition on California's Caseload
40(1)
California's Caseload Trends Relative to the Rest of the Nation
41(2)
Possible Explanations for the Descriptive Findings
43(13)
What Might Explain the Magnitude and Timing of the Caseload Decline in California?
43(5)
What Might Explain the Smaller Caseload Decline in California Compared with the Rest of the Nation?
48(8)
Outcomes for Leavers
56(20)
Overview of Descriptive Findings
56(1)
Return to Welfare
57(1)
Employment, Earnings, and Earnings Growth Among Leavers
58(6)
How Welfare Leavers Are Faring in Terms of Any Employment and Earnings Growth
58(3)
How Leavers Are Faring in Terms of Full-Time Work and Household Resources
61(2)
Given Employment Levels, How Are Leavers Supporting Themselves?
63(1)
Entering Cohorts versus Leaving Cohorts
64(2)
Medi-Cal Take-Up Among Leavers
66(5)
Outcomes for All Single-Parent Households
71(1)
Possible Explanations for the Descriptive Findings
72(4)
Decreases in Return to Cash Aid, Increases in Employment and Earnings, and Decreases in Poverty Rates
72(3)
Increases in Medi-Cal Take-up Rates
75(1)
Conclusions and Next Steps
76(5)
Conclusions
76(3)
What Has Happened to Outcomes of Interest?
76(1)
What Caused These Outcomes?
77(2)
Were the Changes Worth the Cost?
79(1)
Next Steps
79(2)
Overview of Factors That Might Affect Outcomes 81(11)
Data Sources 92(4)
Analytic Methods 96(4)
Results of the Policy Simulation Conducted on Participation Rates 100(3)
Caseload Decline by California Region and County 103(2)
Bibliography 105

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