Sociology of Deviant Behavior (with InfoTrac),9780534619473

Sociology of Deviant Behavior (with InfoTrac)

by ;
Edition: 12th
ISBN13: 9780534619473
ISBN10: 0534619479
Format: Hardcover
Pub. Date: 2003-07-21
Publisher(s): Wadsworth Publishing
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Summary

This text has been the market leader for more than 40 years. It continues its popularity due to its thorough updating of data, facts, and figures while retaining the basic focus on solid research findings through a sociological point of view. Designed to appeal to today's students, the 12th edition examines topics with relevance for today - cultural and social reactions to deviance; the growing interest in white-collar and corporate crime; and the importance of the Internet and computer communications in changing views on deviance in modern life.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 The Nature and Meaning of Deviance 1(27)
What is Deviance?
4(5)
Normative Definition
5(1)
Alternative Definitions
6(3)
Deviance and Society
9(17)
Norms
10(2)
Differentiation and Deviance
12(2)
Subcultures
14(4)
The Relativity of Deviance
18(2)
Creating Deviance
20(3)
Determining Norms and the Content of Deviance
23(2)
Two Final Observations
25(1)
Summary
26(1)
Selected References
27(1)
Chapter 2 Deviant Events and Social Control 28(23)
Deviant Events
28(6)
Deviant Roles
29(1)
Deviant Places
30(1)
The Deviant Act Over Time
31(2)
Deviant Acts and Victims
33(1)
Social Control
34(6)
Processes of Social Control
34(2)
Informal Social Controls
36(2)
Formal Social Controls
38(2)
Law as an Example of Formal Social Control
40(6)
What Kinds of Problems Can the Law Solve?
42(3)
Legal Sanctions
45(1)
The Irony of Social Control
46(3)
Summary
49(1)
Selected References
50(1)
Chapter 3 Becoming Deviant 51(33)
Socialization and Social Roles
53(7)
Socialization as Role Taking
55(1)
Deviant Role Taking
56(4)
Seeing the Deviant's Perspective
60(7)
Understanding Deviant Worlds
61(2)
Managing Deviance
63(4)
Individualistic Theories of Deviance
67(14)
Biological Explanations for Deviance
68(2)
Psychiatric Model of Deviance
70(3)
Psychoanalytic Explanation of Deviance
73(1)
Evaluating the Psychiatric and Psychoanalytic Perspectives
74(2)
Psychological Explanations of Deviance
76(2)
Rational Choice Theories
78(3)
Summary
81(2)
Selected References
83(1)
Chapter 4 Structural Perspectives on Deviance: Anomie and Conflict Theories 84(19)
Anomie Theory
85(7)
Adapting to Strain
86(1)
Extensions of the Anomie Perspective
87(2)
Evaluating Anomie Theory
89(3)
Conflict Theories
92(8)
Deviance and Marxism
93(1)
Other Conflict Theorists
93(2)
Social Threat
95(1)
Left Realism
96(1)
Evaluating the Conflict Model
97(3)
Summary
100(1)
Selected References
101(2)
Chapter 5 Labeling, Control, and Learning Theories of Deviance 103(26)
Labeling Theory
103(9)
Deviance as Reaction
105(1)
Labels That Create Types of Deviants
105(2)
The Power to Label
107(1)
Evaluating Labeling Theory
108(4)
Control Theory
112(8)
Assumptions and Structure of Control Theory
114(1)
Crime and Low Self-Control
115(1)
Evaluating Control Theory
116(4)
Learning or Socialization Theory
120(7)
Sutherland's Theory of Differential Association
120(2)
Differential Association-Reinforcement Theory
122(1)
Evaluating Learning Theory
123(4)
Summary
127(1)
Selected References
128(1)
Chapter 6 Crimes of Interpersonal Violence 129(43)
Crime as Deviance
130(4)
Types of Crimes
130(2)
Types of Criminals
132(2)
Assault and Murder
134(13)
Frequency of Assault and Homicide
134(2)
Group Variations in Homicide
136(4)
Interaction Between Offender and Victim
140(1)
Understanding and Explaining Violence
141(4)
The Development of Dangerous Violent Offenders
145(2)
Domestic Violence
147(9)
Child Abuse
147(4)
Intimate Partner Violence
151(5)
Elder Abuse
156(1)
Forcible Rape
156(10)
Patterns of Forcible Rape
157(1)
Date Rape
158(2)
Male and Prison Rape
160(1)
The Political Context of Rape
161(1)
Rape Reporting
162(1)
Legal Reforms for Rape Cases
163(2)
Theories of Rape
165(1)
Society's Reaction to Crimes of Personal Violence
166(3)
Reactions to Murder
167(1)
Reactions to Assault
168(1)
Reactions to Rape
168(1)
Summary
169(1)
Selected References
170(2)
Chapter 7 Nonviolent Crime 172(30)
Occasional Property Offenders
174(4)
Auto Theft
174(1)
Check Forgeries
175(1)
Shoplifting and Employee Theft
175(2)
Vandalism
177(1)
Society's Reaction to Occasional Offenders
177(1)
Conventional Criminal Careers
178(5)
Self-Conception of Conventional Offenders
181(1)
Society's Reaction to Conventional Offenders
181(2)
Political Criminal Offenders
183(4)
Crimes Against Governments
183(2)
Crimes by Governments
185(2)
Society's Reaction to Political Offenders
187(1)
Organized Crime and Criminals
187(8)
Organized Criminals
190(1)
Organized Criminal Activities
191(2)
Society's Reaction to Organized Crime
193(2)
Professional Offenders
195(4)
Skill
196(1)
Status
197(1)
Criminal Associations
197(1)
Organization
198(1)
Society's Reaction to Professional Crime
198(1)
Summary
199(1)
Selected References
200(2)
Chapter 8 White-Collar and Corporate Crime 202(43)
The Example of Computer Crime
204(2)
A Brief History
206(2)
Defining White-Collar Crime
208(6)
Initial Definitions
209(1)
White-Collar Crime and Criminal Events
210(4)
Corporate Criminal Behavior
214(12)
The Turbulent Twenty-First Century
215(3)
Nature and Types of Corporate Violations
218(8)
Professional White-Collar Crime and Deviance
226(2)
Characteristics of White-Collar Offenders
228(2)
Sophistication
228(1)
Planning
229(1)
Self-Concept
229(1)
Criminal Careers of White-Collar Offenders
230(1)
Explaining White-Collar Crime
230(3)
Costs of White-Collar and Corporate Crime
233(4)
Financial Harm
233(2)
Physical Harm
235(1)
Social Costs or Damage to the Moral Climate
236(1)
Explaining Corporate Criminal Behavior
237(2)
Controlling White-Collar and Corporate Crime
239(4)
Public Education
240(1)
Increasing Ethical Behavior in the Workplace
240(1)
Legislative Reforms
241(1)
The Use of Publicity
242(1)
Summary
243(1)
Selected References
244(1)
Chapter 9 Drug Use and Addiction 245(60)
Drug Taking as Deviance
247(8)
Social Attitudes About Drugs
249(4)
Public Policy and the War on Drugs
253(2)
Legal Drug Use
255(3)
Types of Illegal Drugs
258(4)
Marijuana Use
262(4)
Extent of Marijuana Use
262(2)
Using Marijuana and Group Support
264(2)
Marijuana and Heroin
266(1)
Opiate Use and Addiction
266(6)
The Meaning of Addiction
266(2)
Patterns of Heroin Use
268(1)
Number of Heroin Users
269(1)
Who Uses Heroin?
270(2)
Becoming an Opiate Addict
272(8)
The Process of Addiction
274(2)
Theories of Addiction
276(2)
The Addict Subculture
278(2)
Cocaine Use
280(7)
The Cocaine Highway
280(2)
Extent of Cocaine Use
282(2)
Methods of Use
284(1)
Consequences of Use
285(2)
Society's Response to Drug Use and Addiction
287(14)
Applying Criminal Sanctions
287(6)
Treatment
293(5)
Addict Self-Help Programs
298(3)
Prevention of Drug Use
301(1)
Media Messages
301(1)
Drug-Education Programs
301(1)
Summary
302(2)
Selected References
304(1)
Chapter 10 Drunkenness and Alcoholism 305(50)
Physiological and Behavioral Aspects of Alcohol
306(4)
Physiological Dimensions
307(1)
Other Health-Related Effects
307(1)
Psychological Effects
308(1)
Prevalence of Drinking in the United States
309(1)
Types of Drinkers
310(3)
Drinking as a Social and Group Activity
313(12)
Variations in Drinking Behavior
314(3)
Public Drinking Houses
317(2)
Ethnic Differences in Excessive Drinking
319(6)
Alcoholism and Problem Drinking
325(6)
The Extent of Alcoholism and Excessive Drinking
325(1)
The Costs of Alcoholism
326(1)
Alcohol-Related Crime
327(1)
Drunk Driving
328(3)
Group and Subcultural Influences on Excessive Drinking
331(7)
Gender Differences in Excessive Drinking
333(1)
Companions and Excessive Drinking
334(1)
Drinking Among the Homeless and on Skid Row
335(1)
Occupation and Excessive Drinking
336(1)
Religious Differences in Excessive Drinking
337(1)
Society's Response to Alcohol Use and Alcoholism
338(14)
Strategies of Social Control
339(1)
Models of Alcoholism
340(4)
Public Policy and Public Drunkenness and Alcoholism
344(1)
Community-Based Treatment Programs
344(2)
Alcoholics Anonymous
346(4)
The Continuing Controversy: Can "Recovering" Alcoholics Ever Return to Drinking?
350(2)
Summary
352(1)
Selected References
353(2)
Chapter 11 Sexual Deviance 355(50)
Sexual Norms
356(7)
Deviating from Sexual Norms
357(2)
Social Change and Sexual Behavior
359(4)
Selected Forms of Sexual Deviance
363(1)
Extramarital Sex (Adultery)
363(2)
Sex and the Computer
365(3)
Sex Work and Prostitution
368(21)
Nature and Extent
370(2)
International Dimensions of Sex Work
372(2)
Types of Prostitutes
374(2)
Prostitution and Deviant Street Networks
376(1)
Becoming a Prostitute
377(4)
Prostitution as a Career
381(2)
Self-Concept
383(2)
Prostitution and AIDS
385(1)
Prostitution and Social Control
386(3)
Transvestitism
389(3)
Pornography
392(10)
Social Regulation of Pornography
395(2)
Pornography in Everyday Life
397(2)
The Effects of Pornography
399(3)
Summary
402(2)
Selected References
404(1)
Chapter 12 Suicide 405(46)
Suicidal Behavior
406(2)
Historical Background
408(4)
Public Attitudes Toward Suicide
410(1)
Attempted Suicide
411(1)
Extent of Suicide
412(11)
Variations in Suicide by Country
414(2)
Social Differentials in Suicide Rates
416(7)
Types of Suicide
423(6)
Altruistic Suicide
424(1)
Egoistic Suicide
425(1)
Anomic Suicide
426(1)
Adolescent Suicide
427(2)
Sociological Theories of Suicide
429(9)
Social and Religious Integration
429(1)
Status Integration
430(1)
Status Frustration
431(1)
Community Migration
432(1)
Socialization for Suicide
432(3)
The Suicide Process
435(3)
Social Meanings of Suicide
438(5)
The Purpose of Suicide
438(3)
Suicide, Mental Disorders, and Hopelessness
441(2)
Preventing Suicide
443(3)
Suicide Prevention Centers
443(2)
Effectiveness of Suicide Prevention Centers
445(1)
Physician-Assisted Suicide
446(2)
Summary
448(2)
Selected References
450(1)
Chapter 13 Physical Disabilities 451(35)
Deviance and Physical Disabilities
452(2)
Definitions and Distinctions
454(4)
Disabilities and the Idea of Deviance 456
Disability as Deviant Status 457
Disability and the Sick Role
458(2)
Societal Reaction and Ambivalence Toward Disability
460(9)
Blindness
461(2)
Mental Retardation
463(2)
Physical Handicaps
465(2)
Obesity
467(2)
Disability as a Socialization Process
469(3)
Socialization and Disability
469(2)
Self-Reactions of the Disabled
471(1)
Disability as a "Career"
472(4)
Professionals and Agencies
472(2)
Subcultures and Groups
474(1)
The Role of Stigma in the Disability Career
475(1)
Managing Disability
476(5)
Passing
478(1)
Normalizing
478(1)
Coping
479(1)
Dissociation
480(1)
The Americans With Disabilities Act
481(2)
Summary
483(2)
Selected References
485(1)
Chapter 14 Homosexuality, Lesbianism, and Homophobia 486(58)
The Development of the Notion of Homosexuality
487(1)
Why Do Some People Regard Homosexuality as Deviant?
488(1)
Social Dimensions of Homophobia
489(4)
Homophobic Attitudes
490(2)
Homophobic Behavior
492(1)
Law and Public Attitudes
493(7)
Homosexuality and the Law
493(2)
Changing Public Attitudes
495(3)
The Attribution of Homosexuality
498(2)
Prevalence of Male Homosexuality and Homophobia
500(4)
Prevalence of Homosexuality
500(1)
Variations of Homosexuality
501(3)
Sex Role Socialization and Becoming a Homosexual
504(17)
Sexual Development
505(5)
Becoming a Homosexual
510(4)
Developing a Homosexual Identity
514(2)
The Coming Out Process
516(2)
Homosexual Subcultures
518(3)
Lesbianism
521(8)
The Nature of Lesbianism
521(1)
The Extent of Lesbianism
522(1)
Becoming a Lesbian
523(3)
Lesbian Self-Concept
526(1)
Lesbian Subcultures
527(2)
AIDS and the Homosexual Community
529(8)
The Disease and its Transmission
530(3)
The Impact of AIDS
533(1)
AIDS' Impact on Sexual Behavior
534(1)
Political Impact
535(2)
Current Controversies over Homosexuality
537(4)
Same-Sex Marriages
537(2)
Homosexuality as a Protected Status
539(2)
Summary
541(1)
Selected References
542(2)
Chapter 15 Mental Disorders 544
The Stigma of Mental Disorders
544(2)
Psychiatric View of Mental Disorders
546(5)
The Psychiatric Diagnostic Manual
546(2)
Organic Mental Disorders
548(1)
Functional Mental Disorders
548(3)
Problems of Definition
551(5)
Statistical Definition of Mental Disorder
552(1)
Clinical Definition of Mental Disorder
552(3)
Residual Norms and Societal Reaction
555(1)
Social Stratification and Mental Disorders
556(4)
Social Class
557(1)
Sex Differences
558(1)
Age
559(1)
Race and Ethnicity
559(1)
Marital Status
559(1)
Social Stress in Mental Disorders
560(7)
Stress in Modern Life
560(3)
Stress and Anxiety
563(1)
Stress in Social Situations
564(2)
Stress as a Precondition for Mental Disorders
566(1)
Coping and Social Adaptation
567(1)
Social Roles and Mental Disorders
567(7)
Inability to Shift Roles
568(1)
Performing the Mentally Disordered Role
569(3)
Self-Reactions and Social Roles
572(2)
Eating Disorders
574(9)
Social Dimensions of Eating Disorders
574(5)
Explaining Eating Disorders
579(4)
Social Control of Mental Disorders
583(5)
Mental Hospitals
584(2)
The Deinstitutionalization Movement
586(2)
Reducing Stigma
588(2)
Summary
590(2)
Selected References
592
References R-1
Name Index IN-1
Subject Index IN-9

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