Up-to-date edition of Computational Geomechanics, broadening the focus of the first edition to include more applications
This extended second edition of the highly successful book Computational Geomechanics with special reference to Earthquake Engineering by Zienkiewicz O.C., Chan A.H.C., Pastor M., Schrefler B. A. and Shiomi T. introduces the theory and application of the Biot-Zienkiewicz formulation for saturated and unsaturated soil. This was one of main research areas of the late Prof. Zienkiewicz and his team in Swansea. The formulation given in this book have shown great success in a wide range of problems ranging from failure load under static loading, saturated and unsaturated consolidation, to liquefaction of soil under earthquake loading. The purpose of the book is to introduce and explain the formulation to research students, researchers and practicing engineers so that the method can be properly understood and correctly applied. This edition includes most of the material in first edition updated to include new applications to reflect the work done in the past decade. The change in the sub-title reflects better the new content introduced.
As there is still no comparable publication in the market the authors felt that there is a need to bring out a second edition to incorporate the many significant developments over the past decade. Furthermore, since the first edition, existing computer software has been updated and new computer software has been introduced. This second edition offers the excellent opportunity for the team to report on the progress made in the past decade, guide the readers on how to make use of the formulation and the software and point them to the exciting opportunities ahead.
- Logically organized, thoroughly updated edition of the classic book by Zienkiewicz et al.
- New chapter on computational methods for fast catastrophic landslides.
- Companion website with example code including SWANDYNE and GeoMadrid.
- Each chapter includes multiple question, problems and hands-on experiments, as well as suggested applications to other situations.
Preface
1 Introduction and the Concept of Effective Stress
1.1 PRELIMINARY REMARKS
1.2 THE NATURE OF SOILS AND OTHER POROUS MEDIA: WHY A FULL DEFORMATION ANALYSIS IS THE ONLY VIABLE APPROACH FOR PREDICTION
1.3 CONCEPTS OF EFFECTIVE STRESS IN SATURATED OR PARTIALLY SATURATED MEDIA
REFERENCES 16
2 Equations Governing the Dynamic, Soil–Pore Fluid, Interaction
2.1 GENERAL REMARKS ON THE PRESENTATION
2.2 FULLY SATURATED BEHAVIOUR WITH A SINGLE PORE FLUID (WATER)
2.3 PARTIALLY SATURATED BEHAVIOUR WITH AIR PRESSURE NEGLECTED (pa = 0)
2.4 PARTIALLY SATURATED BEHAVIOUR WITH AIR FLOW CONSIDERED (pa ≥ 0)
2.5 ALTERNATIVE DERIVATION OF THE GOVERNING EQUATION (OF SECTION 2.2–2.4) BASED ON THE HYBRID MIXTURE THEORY
2.6 CONCLUDING REMARKS
REFERENCES 40
3 Finite Element Discretization and Solution of the Governing Equations
3.1 THE PROCEDURE OF DISCRETIZATION BY THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
3.2 u-p DISCRETIZATION FOR A GENERAL GEOMECHANICS FINITE ELEMENT CODE
3.3 THEORY: TENSORIAL FORM OF THE EQUATIONS
3.4 CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES 25
4 Constitutive Relations – Plasticity
4.1 INTRODUCTION
4.2 THE GENERAL FRAMEWORK OF PLASTICITY
4.3 CRITICAL STATE MODELS
4.4 GENERALIZED PLASTICITY MODELLING
4.5 ALTERNATIVE ADVANCED MODELS
4.6 CLOSURE
REFERENCES 138
5 Some Special Aspects of Analysis and Formulation: Radiation Boundaries, Adaptive Finite Element Requirement and Incompressible Behaviour
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 FAR FIELD SOLUTIONS IN QUASI-STATIC PROBLEMS
5.3 INPUT FOR EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS AND RADIATION BOUNDARY
5.4 ADAPTIVE REFINEMENT FOR IMPROVED ACCURACY AND THE CAPTURE OF LOCALIZED PHENOMENA
5.5 REGULARIZATION THRUOGH GRADIENT DEPENDENT PLASTICITY
5.6 STABILIZATION OF COMPUTATION FOR NEARLY INCOMPRESSIBLE BEHAVIOUR WITH MIXED INTERPOLATION
5.7 CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES 60
6 Examples for Static, Consolidation and Hydraulic Fracturing Problems
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.2 STATIC PROBLEMS
6.3 SEEPAGE
6.4 CONSOLIDATION
6.5 HYDRAULIC FRACTURING: FRACTURE IN A FULLY SATURATED POROUS MEDIUM DRIVEN BY INCREASE IN PORE FLUID PRESSURE
6.6 CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES 59
7 Validation of Prediction by Centrifuge
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 SCALING LAWS OF CNTRIFUGE MODELLING
7.3 CENTRIFUGE TEST OF A DYKE SIMILAR TO A PROTOTYPE RETAINING DYKE IN VENEZUELA
7.4 THE VELACS PROJECT
7.5 COMPARISON WITH THE VELACS CENTRIFUGE EXPERIMENT
7.6 CENTRIFUGE TEST OF A RETAING WALL
7.7 CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES 26
8 Applications to unsaturated problems
8.1 INTRODUCTION
8.2 ISOTHERMAL DRAINAGE OF WATER FROM A VERTICAL COLUMN OF SAND
8.3 AIR STORAGE MODELLING IN AN AQUIFER
8.4 COMPARISON OF CONSOLIDATION AND DYNAMIC RESULTS BETWEEN SMALL STRAIN AND FINITE DEFORMATION FORMULATION
8.5 DYNAMIC ANALYSIS WITH A FULL TWO PHASE FLOW SOLUTION OF A PARTIALLY SATURATED SOIL COLUMN SUBJECTED TO A STEP LOAD
8.6 COMPACTION AND LAND SUBSIDENCE ANALYSIS RELATED TO THE EXPLOITATION OF GAS RESERVOIRS
8.7 NITIATION OF LANDSLIDE IN PARTIALLY SATURATED SOIL
8.8 CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES 44
9 Prediction Application and Back Analysis to Earthquake Engineering – Basic Concepts, Seismic Input, Frequency and Time Domain Analysis
9.1 INTRODUCTION
9.2 MATERIAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL
9.3 CHARACTERISTICS OF EQUIVALENT LINEAR METHOD
9.4 PORT ISLAND LIQUEFACTION ASSESSMENT USING THE CYCLE-VISE EQUIVALENT LINEAR METHOD
9.5 PORT ISLAND LIQUEFACTION USING ONE COLUMN NONLINEAR ANALYSIS IN MULTIDIRECTION
9.6 SIMULATION OF LIQUEFACTION BEHAVIOUR DURING NIIGATA EARTHQUAKE TO ILLUSTRATE THE EFFECT OF INITIAL SHEAR STRESS
9.7 LARGE SCALE LIQUEFACTION EXPERIMENT USING THREE DIMENSIONL NONLINEAR ANALYSIS
9.8 LOWER SAN FERNANDO DAM FAILURE
REFERENCES 44
10 Beyond Failure. Modelling of Fluidized Geomaterials: Fast Catastrophic Landslides
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.2 MATHEMATICAL MODEL: A HIERARCHICAL SET OF MODELS FOR THE COUPLED BEHAVIOUR OF FLUIDIZED GEOMATERIALS
10.3 BEHAVIOUR OF FLUIDIZED SOILS: RHEOLOGICAL MODELLING ALTERNATIVES
10.4 NUMERICAL MODELLING: 2 PHASE DEPTH INTEGRATED COUPLED MODELS
10.5 EXAMPLES AND APPLICATIONS
10.6 CONCLUSIONS
REFERENCES 48 (500)
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